Hardness of drinking-water and cardiovascular disease
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Hardness of drinking-water and cardiovascular disease.
In the past 10 years or so evidence has been accumulating about an environmental factor which appears to be influencing mortality in particular, cardiovascular mortality and this is the hardness of the drinking-water. There is an inverse association between indices of water hardness and cardiovascular death rates ; the softer the drinking-water the higher the death rates. This association has b...
متن کاملSpatial Analysis of the Relationship between Mortality from Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease and Drinking Water Hardness
Previously published scientific papers have reported a negative correlation between drinking water hardness and cardiovascular mortality. Some ecologic and case-control studies suggest the protective effect of calcium and magnesium concentration in drinking water. In this article we present an analysis of this protective relationship in 538 municipalities of Comunidad Valenciana (Spain) from 19...
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background:the aim of this study is to investigate the association ofcalcium and magnesium concentration of drinking water with cardiovascular disease (cvds) in urban and rural areas of a city in iran. methods:this case-control study was conducted in 2012 in khansar county in isfahan province, iran. we used the official data of the provincial health center regarding the chemical analysis data o...
متن کاملDrinking Water Hardness and Cardiovascular Diseases: a Review of the Epidemiological Studies 1979-2004
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are among the main causes of mortality and morbidity in the industrialised countries and their main risk factors are hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, alcohol abuse, dietary habits and physical inactivity (1, 2). However, these classic factors do not entirely explain the variability of CVD mortality in different countries. In order to better understand the dete...
متن کاملReview of epidemiological studies on drinking water hardness and cardiovascular diseases.
BACKGROUND Major risk factors do not entirely explain the worldwide variability of morbidity and mortality due to cardiovascular disease. Environmental exposures, including drinking water minerals may affect cardiovascular disease risks. METHOD We conducted a qualitative review of the epidemiological studies of cardiovascular disease and drinking water hardness and calcium and magnesium level...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Proceedings of the Nutrition Society
سال: 1972
ISSN: 0029-6651,1475-2719
DOI: 10.1079/pns19720062